Hot Standby Router Protocol

Abstract

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• A Cisco proprietary protocol that provides redundancy to default gateway of a network by having multiple routers sharing the same virtual IP Address and MAC Address
• One of the routers will be selected as active router. If the active router is down, one of the backup routers will become active

Load Balancing with Multiple Groups

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• Hot Standby Router Protocol is configured for each interface (per subnet). So when routers connect to multiple subnets, they often join multiple HSRP Groups
• If R1 is made active on all subnets, it will be over-utilised while R2 stays idle. A better design is to balance the load by assigning R1 active for some subnets and R2 for others

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

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• For the same purpose as Hot Standby Router Protocol but it is an open standard, vendor-agnostic

Faster convergence

HSRP → Hello = 3s, Hold = 10s.

VRRP → Advertisement = 1s (faster failover by default).

References

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• Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) | NetworkAcademy.io