DNS Record

Abstract

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• A mapping between a Hostname to another IP Address or Hostname
• Each record comes with a TTL

Local DNS Record vs Public DNS Record

If we have the DNS Record with the same name on both a Local DNS server and a Public DNS server like 1.1.1.1. The DNS record inside the local DNS server will always be used if your local DNS server has a record.

Check the status DNS propagation

You can check it on DNS Checker - DNS Check Propagation Tool. This is useful to see if a particular DNS record is taking effect already or not.

Obtain the DNS records of a given domain name

You can obtain the list of current and past DNS records of a given Domain Name at securitytrails.

Or DNSdumpster.com, but the information obtained is much more limited.

A Record

• Symbol is A
• Standard Domain Name to IP Address mapping

CNAME Record

• Symbol is CNAME
• Powers Host Aliasing which allows a Alias Hostname to be mapped to Canonical Hostname (CNAME)
• In the above example, all requests go tonotes.yxy.ninja are handled by servers under notes.pages.dev

Create CNAME Record for Root Domain

Based on the DNS Specification, We can’t create CNAME Record for Root Domain. The good new is with Cloudflare’s CNAME Flattening, we are able to create a CNAME Record for Root Domain

The CNAME Record we created in the the Cloudflare side directs traffic hitting the root domain to Cloudflare Network

Then Cloudflare will use Cloudflare Page Rule we configured to obtain the IP Address and send back to the clients. This makes it a valid A Record query on the client-side

MX Record

• Symbol MX which stands for Mail Exchanger
• Powers Mail Server Aliasing which allow root Domain Name to be mapped to E-mail Server’s Hostname
• In this above example, all the emails sent to [email protected] is handled by the email servers behind mail.tutanota.de

Cloudflare's priority attribute

The value is used to determine the order in which mail servers are used to deliver email to your domain. The lower the value the higher the priority. This provides redundancy.

NS Record

• Symbol is NS which stands for Name Server
• Domain Name to Hostname of the Authoritative DNS Server

TXT Record

• Can used to verify the ownership of the Domain Name

Can't be proxied

If we proxy TXT record, we will only get back the proxy address when we check the TXT record value, defeating the purpose of the TXT record.

References

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• DNS record types · Cloudflare DNS docs